In Software engineering, an XML database is a data persistence software system that allows data to be imported, accessed and exported in the XML format.
Two major classes of XML database exist:
Note: "XML-enabled" implies that the database does the conversion itself (as opposed to relying on middleware).

XML-enabled. These map all XML to a traditional database (such as a relational database), accepting XML as input and rendering XML as output.
Native XML (NXD) The internal model of such databases depends on XML and uses XML documents as the fundamental unit of storage. Rationale for XML in databases
The term "native XML database" (NXD) can lead to confusion. Many NXDs do not function as standalone databases at all, and do not really store the XML3true native (text) form.
The formal definition from the XML:DB consortium states that a native XML database:
Additionally, many XML databases provide a logical model of grouping documents, called "collections". Databases can set up and manage many collections at one time. In some implementations, a hierarchy of collections can exist, much in the same way that an operating system's directory-structure works.
All XML databases now support at least one form of querying syntax. Minimally, just about all of them support XPath for performing queries against documents or collections of documents. XPath provides a simple pathing system that allows users to identify nodes that match a particular set of criteria.
In addition to XPath, many XML databases support XSLT as a method of transforming documents or query-results retrieved from the database. XSLT provides a declarative language written using an XML grammar. It aims to define a set of XPath filters that can transform documents (in part or in whole) into other formats including Plain text, XML, HTML, or PDF.
Not all XML databases support XQuery to perform querying. XQuery includes XPath as a node-selection method, but extends XPath to provide transformational scaffolding. Users sometimes refer to its syntax as "FLWOR" (pronounced 'Flower') because the flow may include the following statements: 'For', 'Let', 'Where', 'Order' and 'Return'.
Some XML databases support an API called the XML:DB API (or XAPI) as a form of implementation-independent access to the XML datastore. In XML databases, XAPI resembles ODBC as used with relational databases.

Defines a (logical) model for an XML document — as opposed to the data in that document — and stores and retrieves documents according to that model. At a minimum, the model must include elements, attributes, PCDATA, and document order. Examples of such models include the XPath data model, the XML Infoset, and the models implied by the DOM and the events in SAX 1.0.
Has an XML document as its fundamental unit of (logical) storage, just as a relational database has a row in a table as its fundamental unit of (logical) storage.
Need not have any particular underlying physical storage model. For example, NXDs can use relational, hierarchical, or object-oriented database structures, or use a proprietary storage format (such as indexed, compressed files).

Wenceslaus III Premyslid (Czech and Slovak Václav, German: Wenzel III, Hungarian Vencel, Polish Wacław, Croatian: Vjenceslav), (October 6, 1289 – August 4, 1306, Olomouc, Moravia, in the east of the Czech Republic) was the King of Hungary (1301 - 1305) and King of Bohemia (1305 - 1306).
Wenceslaus III was the son of Wenceslaus II, King of Bohemia and Poland, and Judith von Habsburg, the daughter of Rudolf I, King of Germany. He faced the problem of internal quarrels in Hungary and in Poland.
Wenceslaus was the last of the male Premyslid rulers of Bohemia. His sister, Elisabeth (Eliška), heiress of Bohemia, married John "The Blind" of Luxembourg, who assumed the Bohemian throne in his wife's right.

Poland

Mauritius (pronounced: IPA: /məˈɹɪʃəs/; French: Maurice /mɔʁis/; Mauritian Creole: Moris), officially the Republic of Mauritius (French: République de Maurice), is an island nation off the coast of Africa in the southwest Indian Ocean, about 900 kilometers (560 mi) east of Madagascar. In addition to the island of Mauritius, the republic includes the islands of St. Brandon, Rodrigues and the Agalega Islands. Mauritius is part of the Mascarene Islands, with the French island of Réunion 200 km (125 mi) to the southwest and the island of Rodrigues 570 km to the East-northeast.

History

Main article: Politics of Mauritius Politics

Main article: Districts and dependencies of Mauritius Districts and dependencies

Main article: Geography of Mauritius Economy

Main article: Demographics of Mauritius Demographics

Main article: Culture of Mauritius Culture

International rankings
Black River · Flacq · Grand Port · Moka · Pamplemousses · Plaines Wilhems · Port Louis · Rivière du Rempart · Savanne
Agalega Islands · Cargados Carajos Shoals (St. Brandon) · Rodrigues · Soudan Banks · Nazareth Bank · Saya de Malha Bank
Chagos Archipelago · Tromelin
National Assembly · Political parties · Elections
Currency · Companies · Communications · Foreign relations · Transport · Educational sector
Creole · Franco-Mauritian · Indo-Mauritian · Sino-Mauritian · Prominent Mauritians · Hinduism in Mauritius · Islam in Mauritius · Music of Mauritius
History · Military · Geography

Miscellaneous topics

Entry on Mauritius in the CIA World Factbook
Dependencies of Mauritius

Wednesday, March 12, 2008

Monolingual learner's dictionaries are written for learners of a foreign language. Most such dictionaries are aimed at advanced learners, but in English there are ones for elementary and intermediate users too. These tools of language education are based on the supposition that learners must move from a bilingual dictionary to a monolingual one as they advance in their study of the target language, but that general purpose dictionaries compiled for native speakers are too complex and indeed confusing for their needs. Learners' (or learner's) dictionaries include a lot of information on grammar, usage, common errors, false friends, collocations, and so on, which a native speaker knows intuitively. Conversely, these dictionaries leave out etymology and quotations, although they do include example sentences.
The first English monolingual learner's dictionary was The Idiomatic and Syntactic Dictionary of English by A. S. Hornby published in 1942. This was republished as A Learner's Dictionary of Current English by Oxford University Press in 1948. The second edition came in 1963, the third in 1974, both in several impressions. The dictionary was a huge financial success. This unparalleled success was, of course, the result of the boom in the English language teaching industry worldwide. It is now in its seventh edition as the Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary.
The Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English was published in 1978. The editors, led by Paul Proctor, introduced several innovations. The most striking was the use of a restricted defining vocabulary, which has now become a standard feature of learners' dictionaries. Almost a decade later another new player, the Collins Cobuild English Dictionary, came out, a significant milestone in corpus-based lexicography.
1995 was the 'year of the dictionaries': Oxford published its fifth edition, Longman its third, Cobuild its second, and yet another player appeared, the Cambridge International Dictionary of English. 2002 saw the entrance of yet another competitor: the Macmillan English Dictionary for Advanced Learners.
The current editions in 2006 are the seventh for OUP, the fourth for Longman, the fourth for Collins Cobuild, and the second for CUP. In May 2007, Macmillan released its new edition of advanced learner's dictionary.

Tuesday, March 11, 2008

Carlos Saura (born 4 January 1932, Atarés, Huesca) is a Spanish film director.

Personal Life

1956 : El Pequeño río Manzanares
1957 : La Tarde del domingo
1958 : Cuenca
1960 : Los Golfos
1964 : Llanto por un bandido
1966 : La Caza
1967 : Peppermint Frappé
1968 : Stress es tres tres
1969 : La Madriguera
1970 : El jardín de las delicias
1973 : Ana y los lobos
1973 : La prima Angélica
1975 : Cria Cuervos
1977 : Elisa, vida mía
1978 : Los ojos vendados
1979 : Mamá cumple cien años
1980 : Deprisa, Deprisa
1981 : Bodas de Sangre
1982 : Dulces horas
1982 : Antonieta
1983 : Carmen
1984 : Los Zancos
1986 : El amor brujo, based on the composition El amor brujo by Manuel de Falla, in collaboration with Antonio Gades
1987 : El Dorado
1989 : La Noche oscura
1990 : Ay Carmela
1992 : El Sur
1992 : Marathon
1992 : Sevillanas
1993 : ¡Dispara!
1995 : Flamenco
1997 : Taxi (film 1997)
1997 : Pajarico
1998 : Esa luz!
1998 : Tango
1999 : Goya en Burdeos
2001 : Buñuel y la mesa del rey salomón
2002 : Salomé
2004 : El séptimo día
2005 : Iberia
2007 : Fados

Monday, March 10, 2008

Etiology (alternately aetiology, aitiology) is the study of causation. Derived from the Greek αιτιολογία, "giving a reason for" (αἰτία "cause" + -λογία).
The word is most commonly used in medical and philosophical theories, where it is used to refer to the study of why things occur, or even the reasons behind the way that things act, and is used in philosophy, physics, psychology, government, and medicine, and biology in reference to the causes of various phenomena. An etiological myth is a myth intended to explain a name or create a mythic history for a place or family.

Mythology

Eschatology
Geomythology
Just-so story (comparable to etiological myth)

Sunday, March 9, 2008

The hospitality industry is a 3.5 trillion dollar service sector within the global economy. It is an umbrella term for a broad variety of service industries including, but not limited to, hotels, food service, casinos, and tourism. The hospitality industry is very diverse and global. The industry is cyclical; dictated by the fluctuations that occur with an economy every year.

Accommodation

Nightclubs
Public houses
Restaurants Travel and Tourism
such as:

Accountancy
Occupational Health and Spa